In an effort to improve the health status of the Beninese population, a priority activity included in the 2015 convention between the US Government, represented by USAID, and the Benin Government, represented by the Ministry of Health (MOH), was to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the public health supply chain, focused on essential medicines that are associated with the package of low-cost, high-impact interventions. SIAPS undertook this assessment in close collaboration with and under the leadership of the MOH, represented by the National Health Products Supply Chain. This report presents information on the capability, maturity, and operational performance of Benin’s health supply system, along with a strategic plan of interventions to address identified weaknesses that will allow reliable supply and use of medicines in the health system.